Basic information

Solvent oil is one of the five major categories of petroleum products. Solvent oil has a wide range of uses. The largest amount is paint solvent oil (commonly known as paint solvent oil), followed by edible oil, printing ink, leather, pesticides, insecticides, rubber, cosmetics, spices, medicine, electronic components and other solvent oils. At present, there are about 400-500 kinds of solvents on the market, of which solvent naphtha (hydrocarbon solvents, benzene compounds) accounts for about half.

Use classification

It can be divided into extraction solvent oil mainly used to extract animal and vegetable oils such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil and bone oil, rubber solvent oil used in rubber, shoe rubber, tires and other fields, used in paint and coating industry Paint solvent oil and so on. In addition, there are washing solvent oil, ink solvent oil, etc. According to the national standard GB 1922-2006, solvent oils are classified according to their 98% distillation temperature or dry point. The common brands are: 70# Xianghua solvent oil, 90# petroleum ether, 120# rubber solvent oil, 190# detergent oil, 200# paint solvent oil, 260# special kerosene solvent. In addition, there are 6# extraction solvent oil, aviation washing gasoline, 310# color ink solvent oil. Agricultural locust control solvent oil, etc. In fact, the market sells far more than these, and manufacturers can produce solvent oils of various specifications according to user needs.

use

The nature of solvent oil varies depending on its use. The choice of solvent oil should mainly consider its solubility, volatility, and safety. Of course, depending on its use, other performances cannot be ignored, and sometimes even more important.

Solvent oil includes two processes of cutting distillate and refining. There are usually three ways to cut fractions: directly cut from the atmospheric tower; cut the corresponding light straight-run fractions into appropriate narrow fractions; and fractionate the catalytic reforming raffinate. All kinds of solvent oil fractions generally need to be refined. To improve color, improve stability, remove corrosive substances and reduce toxicity, etc. Commonly used refining methods include alkali washing, white clay refining and hydrogenation refining.

Mineral spirits are complex mixtures of hydrocarbons that are extremely flammable and explosive. Therefore, from production, storage and transportation to use, strict attention must be paid to prevent the occurrence of fire.

There are roughly three ways to express the toxicity of solvent oil:

Lethal dose (LD): A scale generally used to express the intensity of the physiological effects of highly toxic substances on animals.

Lethal Concentration (LC): A measure of acute poisoning expressed in terms of concentration.

Maximum allowable concentration (MAC): The maximum allowable concentration is usually expressed in parts per million (ppm or 10) of the vapor volume in the air. This is a rough estimate of the toxicity of the solvent, which varies from person to person, and is not an absolute limit.